Jordan ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Arabic: المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) and also known as the JK (short for The Jordanian Kingdom), is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan in Western Asia. It borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the east, Syria to the north and West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing control of the Dead Sea. Jordan's only port is at its southern tip, at the Gulf of Aqaba, which is shared with Israel, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. Much of Jordan is covered by the Arabian Desert. However, the north-western part of Jordan is part of the Fertile Crescent. The capital city is Amman.

The territory of Jordan had been occupied by many civilizations before the creation of the modern state, including those of the Ancient Near East with the Canaanite and later other Semitic peoples such as the Edomites, and the Moabites. Other civilizations possessing the territory east of the river Jordan were: Akkadian, Assyrian, Israelite/Judean, Babylonian, and Persian empires. For a time the lands of the Jordan valley were under the rule of Pharaonic Egypt, including parts of the greater Kingdom of Israel, the later Judaean Kingdom, Hasmonaen Kingdom of Israel and the Herodian Dynasty). The region of the Jordan Valley was also inhabited by the Nabataean civilization which left rich archaeological remains at Petra, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World located in the modern Ma'an Governorate. Cultures from the west bank of the Jordan river also left archaeological evidence of their influence, notably the Macedonian/Greek/Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires.

The Muslim Arabs occupied the region from the seventh century until the creation of the Kingdom of Karak during the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem.^[7] The kingdom was later taken over by the Seljuk Turks, and later the entire region was governed by the Ottoman Empire until 1918 imposition of the British rule which led to the 1922 creation of an autonomous region of Transjordan, later the independent state of Jordan.

Modern Jordan is predominantly urbanized. Jordan is classified as a country of "high human development" by the 2010 Human Development Report.Furthermore, The Kingdom has been classified as an emerging market with a free market economy by the CIA World Fact Book. It has more Free Trade Agreements than any other country in the region. It has a "pro-Western" regime with very close relations with the United Kingdom and the United States. It also became a major non-NATO ally of the United States in 1996, and is one of only two Arab nations, the other being Egypt, that have diplomatic relations with Israel It is a founding member of the Arab League,the WTO, the AFESD,the Arab Parliament,the AIDMO, the AMF,he IMF,the International Criminal Court,the UNHRC,the GAFTA, the ESCWA,the ENP nd the United Nations. Jordan is also currently undergoing close integration with the European Union and the Gulf Cooperation Council. Jordan enjoys "advanced status" with the European Union.